There's an excellent article, Keeping Secrets, on medium today (originally from the November/December 2014 issue of Stanford Magazine) about the conflict between academic work on cryptography and the NSA's role in national security. Most of the focus is on what happened and not on who was right or wrong. Particularly interested is the early section about the increasing understanding of the necessity of encryption for data security and computer communication that started as early as the 1970's. Once again, thanks to Bruce Schneier's excellent blog, Schneier on Security, for the pointer.